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Quiz: Barrier-Reversing

Quiz: Deal # Thursday
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Basic
strategy
0000). How to use 0001). Bidding Objectives = "8 and 25" 0002). 28 for minor 0003). 33 for NT slam 0004). Suit slam 0005). Importance of length 0006). Convention card 0007). ACOL and American Standard, differences 0008). A-Z Glossary 0690). A-Z Glossary
Hand
evaluation
0010). Balanced-Unbalanced 0011). How strong is your hand, HCP 0012). Distribution points 0013). Losing trick count 0014). Barrier-Reversing 0015). Selection of opening suit 0016). Showing shape 0017). 4441 distribution 0018). The skip over principle 0019). Rule of 20 Opening 1 of a suit 0019a). Rule of 25 Opening 2 of a suit 0019b). Rule of 500 Max penalty risk on preempt if doubled 0019c). Law of total tricks 0019d). Rule of Protective bidding
Opening
bids
0020). Plan of attack 0021). Bal, 12 to 19 HCPs, weak NT 0022). Bal, 20+ points 0023). Bal, 15 to 17 HCPs, strong NT 0025). Unbal, 12 to 19 HCPs, 1 suit 0026). Unbal, Strong 2s 0027). Unbal, Pre-emptive 0028). Unbal, Gambling 3NT 0029). Benji Strong 2s
Responder
1st bids
0030). After 1NT, General principles 0031). After 1NT, Weak 0032). After 1NT, Getting out of trouble 0033). After 1NT, 11+ balanced 0034). After 1NT, 11+ 4-card major 0035). After 1NT, 11+ unbalanced 0036). After 1NT, 19+ 0037). After 2NT 0038). After 1NT, and Enemy has interfered 0039). 1 NT responses 0040). After 1 Suit, With fit 0041). After 1 Suit, No fit, but alternative suit 0042). After 1 Suit, No fit, no new suit, probably balanced 0043). After 1 Suit, 6 points, nothing to bid 0044). After 1 Suit, Very strong 0045). After 1 Suit, Weak freak 0047). After 2 Suit, Strong 2s 0048). After 2 Suit, Weak 2s 0049). After 3 Suit, Responding to preempt
Openers
rebid
0050). Unbalanced, The general idea 0051). Unbalanced, You are weak 0052). Unbalanced, You are strong 0053). Unbalanced, Partner replied with 1NT 0054). Unbalanced, Delayed support 0055). Balanced
Responder
rebids
0060). Responder rebids, The general idea 0061). Choice of two suits 0062). Responders reverse 0063). After 1NT rebid
Basic
Convention
0080). Stayman 0081). Transfer 0082). Transfer after 2NT 0161). Minor suit transfer
Slam
bidding
0090). Slam, Spotting the chance 0091). Blackwood 0092). No-trump slam 0093). Gerber 0094). Extra slam techniques
Interfering
bids
0100). Overcalls, the basic idea 0101). Overcalls, in a suit, over a suit 0102). Overcalls, in a suit, over 1NT 0103). Overcalls, in NT, over a suit 0104). Overcalls, Jump overcall 0105). Overcalls, Double then bid a suit 0106). Overcalls, Bidding opponents suit 0107). Overcalls, Balancing (protective) 0108). Overcalls, Overcall a preempt 0109). Overcalls, Preemptive double jump 0110). Overcalls, To overcall, or to double 0111). Overcalls, Response to 1NT after suit overcall (Lebensohl) 0115). Defence after 1NT 0116). Competitive bidding 0117). Be cautious sometimes 0118). Sacrificing Be bold when non-vulnerable 0119). Sacrificing 0120). Doubles, Double a 1NT 0121). Doubles, Double for takeout 0122). Doubles, Doubling after opponent overcall 0126). Doubles, Protective double
Doubles

0120). Doubles, Double a 1NT 0121). Doubles, Double for takeout 0122). Doubles, Doubling after opponent overcall 0123). Doubles, Negative double 0124). Doubles, Double a 1NT overcall 0125). Doubles, Double a suit over 1NT 0126). Doubles, Protective double 0127). Doubles, Responsive double 0128). Doubles, Double then bid a suit 0129). Doubles, Penalty 0130). Doubles, Support double 0131). Doubles, Lead directing double 0132). Doubles, Maximal double 0133). Doubles, Redoubling - coded meanings 0134). Doubles, Forcing Pass 0135). Doubles, Re-opening double 0139). Doubles, Index of doubles
Advanced
Convention
0150). Majors Jacoby 2NT 0151). Majors Splinters 0152). Majors Weak 2s 0153). Majors Weak 2 defence 0154). Trial bid 0160). NT and minors 4th suit forcing 0161). Minor suit transfer 0162). DONT Bidding When Opponents open 1NT 0163). Game tries 0166). Grand Slam Force 0167). Roman Keycard Blackwood 0168). Cue bidding for controls 0170). 2-suited Overcall Unusual 2NT 0171). 2-suited Overcall Michaels cue bid 0172). 2-suited Overcall Landy over 1NT 0173). Overcall Unassuming cue bid 0179). Very advanced

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1. Bidding strategy
1	Check if your hand is balanced	no voids / singletons, max 1 doubleton, max one 5-card suit, long minor useful
2	Do you have an 8-card fit ?
3	Find out if you have 25 points between you	include shape points (and shortage points only if you have 8 trump fit)
Decision	a). with 25 and balanced:	bid NT game
	b). with 25 and Major fit:	bid Major game
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12. Distribution Points
SHORTAGE	lots of trumps	fewer trumps
Void	5	4
Singleton	3	2
Doubleton	1	1
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LENGTH	in NT	in a Suit
5	1	same as NT, switch to shortage points after suit agreed
6	2	same as NT, switch to shortage points after suit agreed

15. Opener's bid - which suit ?
Distribution	HCP	opening bid	rebid
5xxx (x<5)		5-card suit (easy !)
5332		5-card suit (but see 6xxx)	repeat, unless 5=m & good 3-card M
54xx (mm/MM)		5-card suit	4 card suit reverse correctly !
54xx (mM/Mm)		5-card suit. (Responder would choose the Major at the one level before minor at the 2-level, even if shorter)	reverse correctly !
6xxx (x<5)		6-card suit	repeat twice, if chance arises
64xx		6-card suit	4-card, then 6-card again
65xx		6-card suit	4-card, then 4-card again
55xx		higher ranking suit	lower, then lower again
66xx		higher ranking suit	lower, then lower again & again
44xx unbalanced		lowest ranking suit
44xx balanced	12-14	1NT
44xx balanced	15+	if poss, or lowest ranking suit	NT
(M=Major, m=minor. See"showing shape" for details of bidding 6--6, 6-5, 5-5 and 5-4 hands.
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16. Showing shape
Shape	Bid order	Alternative order	Alternative if needed on <16pts
5-4	L-S	L	It may not always be possible to bid the shorter suit. With <16pts, do not break barrier, and do not bid at the 3-level.
5-4-4-0	L-S1(low)-S2(high)	L
5-4-3-1	L-S	L-RPM	RPM: Raise Partner's Major with 3-card support. Failing that, rebid 5-card suit.
5-4-2-2	L-S	bid NT if..	..if 5-card is minor and power is in the doubletons
6-4	L-S-L	L-L	Bid alternative pattern also if short suit is a weak minor after strong Major
6-5	L-S-S		Note: this is the same pattern as 5-5, but only when the 6-card is higher ranking
Equal length suits			Notes for suits of equal length
5-5	H-L-L		Higher ranking suit first
6-6	H-L-L-L	X-5m	A rebid straight to 5 of the minor also shows a 6-6 shape
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21a. Balanced hand: Opener's bids. VERSION A: STANDARD ACOL
HCP Points	Opening bid	2nd bid (rebid)	note
12-14	1NT
15-16	1 suit	Next available NT bid, usually 1NT, can be 2	With two 4 card suits, bid if you have them. Also, beware jump rebid to 2NT with 17-18 points as convention dictates - you can end up in trouble. See "Klinger" modification, 21b.
17-18	1 suit	Next NT bid+1, usually 2NT, can be 3	Note the ambiguity. Bearing in mind that 3NT is game forcing, you might want to limit this bid to 2NT, and run the risk that your partner thinks you have 15-16 HCP. See sheet 21c for a better system.
19	1 suit	3NT	note: 25 HCP is certain. The re-bid is game forcing.
20-22	2NT		Not forcing, partner might have <4HCP. Consider modified Acol instead, cribsheet 21b.
23-24	2(1)	Next NT bid (usually 2)	2, if followed by 2NT is not forcing. Partner might have 0 HCP
25+	2(1)	Next NT bid + 1 (usually 3)
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21b. Balanced hand: Opener's bids. VERSION B: MODIFIED ACOL (Klinger)
HCP Points	Opening bid	2nd bid (rebid)	note
12-14	1NT
15-18	1 suit	Next available NT bid, usually 1NT, can be 2	With two 4 card suits, bid if you have have them. Note: don't jump rebid to 2NT with 17-18 points as convention dictates - you can end up in trouble.
19-20	1 suit	Next NT bid +1, usually 2NT, can be 3	note: 25 HCP is certain. Game forcing. (19 in Standard Acol).
21-22	2NT		not forcing, partner might have nothing. (20-22 in Standard Acol).
23-24	2(1)	Next NT bid (usually 2)	2, if followed by 2NT is not forcing. Partner might have 0 HCP.
25+	2(1)	Next NT bid + 1 (usually 3)
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25. Unbalanced, Opening bid
HCPoints	Opening bid	2nd bid (rebid)
12-19	A 5-card or 4 card suit. See "15. suit choice"	Stay with this suit, if no other, or bid partner suit, or don't bid. See re-bid
Lots, plus 8 playing tricks(1)	2 of a suit. Not . Forcing for one round. (Advanced players can use “weak 2s”)	Bid naturally.
23+ with 9 playing tricks	2 Forcing to game. (2)	Longest suit.
reply	reply to 1 suit, reply to Strong 2 openings
related stuff	strong 2s, weak 2s, suit choice on re-bid
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26. Un-Balanced hand: Opener's bids (using Strong 2s)
HCPoints	Opening bid	2nd bid
A good 6-card suit, or a 5-4 with a good 5-card AND 8 playing tricks AND 16-22HCP or rule of 25. (With any less bid 1 and jump later). "Good" means 2 honours.	2 of the long suit, not . Forcing. (Advanced players can use “Weak 2s”)	Bid naturally.
23+ with 9 playing tricks	2 Forcing to game, unless followed by 2NT rebid	Longest suit.
reply to Strong 2 openings, suit choice for re-bid, Weak 2s,
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30. Responses to weak 1NT - general principles
HCP points	combined strength	not beginners	beginners
<11	game impossible	pass or takeout with Transfer, or "wriggle" if doubled	either pass, or bid at 2 level with 5-card suit to get out of NT if poor distribution.
11-12	23-26, game might be possible	invite to game, use Stayman with 4-card majors, or Transfers with single 5+ card suit	invite at level one less than game, in Major or NT
13+	25+ to 27+, game values	ensure we get to game, use Stayman & Transfers or direct to game with 6-card Major	bid at 4 level if 6-card Major, else 3 level
16+	28+ to 30+	minor game is on - but NT might be better if no slam	minor game is on, but NT might be better if no slam
19+	31+	investigate slam / 2-way Baron	investigate slam
how to reply		Stayman, Transfers, wriggle,
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31. Weak reply to weak 1NT. < 11 HCP
Points	State of mind	Beginners	More advanced players
8-10	Relaxed	Pass	Pass
<8	Worried	Dizassssster! Takeout into your 5-card suit, by bidding 2. Opener WILL pass.	Takeout with Transfers or Stayman
<8	Panic, they doubled you	Takeout if you have a 5-card suit, pass if not. Opener will pass	Takeout with 5-card suit, if not "wriggle"
how partner will reply		Opener should always pass after hearing a bid of 2 of a suit, because it's weak. For advanced player it's totally different, see Transfers and Stayman.
related stuff		Weak reply to strong1 NT: same, but 3 fewer points.
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33. Replying to weak 1NT. You have a balanced hand, stoppers in 3 suits, with >11 HCP
HCP points	team situation	better players	beginners
11	23-25 HCP combined	bid 2. Partner raises with 14. (But bid Stayman with any 4-card Majors, unless it's 4333 which give no ruffing power)	2NT. Partner will raise to 3NT if he has max 14. Beware a weak 2-card suit.
12	24-26 HCP combined	bid 2NT. Partner raises with 13. (But bid Stayman with any 4-card Majors, unless it's 4333 which give no ruffing power)
13-18	25+ assured	bid 3NT, a "Game" bid. (But bid Stayman with any 4-card Majors, unless it's 4333 which give no ruffing power)	3NT. Beware a weak 2-card suit.
19+	33+ is possible	bid 4NT, inviting partner to raise to 6 (small slam) if he has max 14.
23+	37+ is possible	bid 5NT, inviting partner to raise to 7 (grand slam) if he has max 14.
21-22	33-36 is certain	bid 6NT, telling partner 6 is certain, 7 is impossible.
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35. You have an UN-balanced hand, with >11 HCP
HCP points	situation	intermediate + players	elementary
11-12	23-26 HCP combined	With a 4-card Major, bid Stayman. With a single 5+ card-major, Transfer. With 6 card-minor, Transfer . With 5-4 or 5-5 in the Majors, use Stayman. With a 5-card minor, bid 2 NT. (NB: with a ‘good' 11 pts bid 3 NT, with ‘bad' 11 pts invite with 2NT. Or use 2 to indicate precisely 11 points, and 2NT to indicate 12 points).	With 5-card Major, bid 3, asking partner to choose game in NT or the Major. (Denies 4 in the other Major). With 5-card minor, generally bid NT, either 2 or 3. (Bidding 3 suggests slam interest and no 4-card Major).
13-16	25+ assured	With a 4-card Major, bid Stayman. With 5 card-major bid Transfer. With 6 card-major bid 4 (game) in the Major. With 6-card minor, bid 3 of the minor, to allow opener to choose 5 minor or 3NT.
17+	31+ is possible	You are strong, and your next bid must be forcing. 3 is stronger than 4 in this case, so bid 3 of your 5/6 card suit, Major or minor. You are in the driving seat. Your bid is game forcing and investigating suit Slam. Opener will choose 3NT if 2-card support, or 4 of your suit with 3-card support. Responder can then investigate, using Slam techniques.	Difficult. The 3 bid serves both as a game force and as Slam interest. Time to learn Stayman & Transfers ?
19+	31+ is certain	As above: Bid 3 and Investigate Slam
21+	35+ is possible	As above: Bid 3 and Investigate Slam
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37. Reply to 2NT opening (for Stayman & Transfers, see text)
Points	0-3	4-10	11-12	13+	17+
Balanced
-	pass	3 NT	4 NT	6 NT	7 NT
Unbalanced		(M=Major suit, m=minor suit)
6-card suit	pass	4 Major	3 then explore Slam	6 M / m	7 M /m
5-card suit	pass	3 Major	3 then explore Slam	6 M / m	7 M / m
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40. Reply to 1-suit, with fit
Points	6-9	10-12	13+	16+	LTC of 7
Cards	4 (3 if with shortage)	4	4	4	4, & a super side suit
Bid	Raise to 2. A weak bid	Raise to 3. "Inviting" opener to bid game - if he has 14 points	Raise to 4	Slam is likely. So show strength in various ways	Slam could be on. Show strength in various ways
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41. Reply to 1 Suit opening. No fit, but alternative suit
Points	6-9	9	10-15	16+	16+
The bidding lets you reply at the one level
cards	4			4+	6
bid	1 of new suit			1 of new suit	2 of new suit
The bidding forces you to reply at the two level
cards	4	5m, 5M	4m, 5M	4m, 5M	6
bid	dustbin 1NT	2 of new suit	2 of new suit	2 of new suit	3 of new suit
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42. Reply to 1 Suit. No fit, no new suit, probably balanced
points	6-9	10	11-12	13+	16+	21+
bid	1 NT	not NT	2NT	3NT	new suit	6NT
note	“I can't support your suit, I can't play at the 2 level…. but I've got 6-9 points!"	2NT a bit risky, perhaps, unless it's “good”. Could try a 4-card minor	Advanced players use Jacoby 2NT when replying to a Major suit bid.
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44. Reply to 1 Suit opening. Very strong
Points	13+	16+	16+	19+	21+
balanced, with stoppers
bid	3 NT	a new suit			6 NT
unbalanced, no fit
cards	any	<6	6+
bid	new suit	new suit	jump in new suit ("jump-shift")
unbalanced, with fit, beginner
cards	4-card Major
bid	4 of the Major			investigate slam
unbalanced, with fit, advanced
cards	4-card Major fit
bid	Splinter or Jacoby 2NT			investigate slam
unbalanced, with fit, advanced
cards	4-card Major fit, and a 5-card side suit
bid	A "jump-fit" (but see "jump-shift", above, which denies a fit)
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47. Reply to Strong 2 suit opening
Points	0-7	6-7	8+	8+	8-11	12+
cards		3+	3+	5+	balanced	bal
other		AK together, or AQ in trumps	1+ Aces	colour in suit	stoppers in 3 suits
bid	2 NT when weak	raise 2	raise 1	new suit	3 NT	4/6NT
meaning	game not on, based on 1st bid	game	game +	game	game only	slam
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81. 5-card Major Transfer, after 1NT opening bid
Game on ? HCPs:	?? (0-18)	Close (11-12)	Yes (13+)
What to bid with	1st bid	2nd bid, 11-12HCP	2nd bid, 13+
5-card Major eg.	2	2 NT	3 NT
6-card Major eg.	2	3	4
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100. Overcalls
Opening bid	Overcall	HCP	Cards	note	LTC
1 suit	1 suit	8-15	5	2 honours in the suit. LTC=8, 7 if vulnerable.	8/7
1 suit	2 of a lower suit	10-15	5	3 honours in the suit	7
1 NT	2 suit	12-15	6+, or 5-4	Don't bid with flat hand. 2 special, Landy=two 4-card Majors	7/6
1 NT	double	15-18		for penalties
1 suit	single jump	11-15	6+	e.g . 1-2, or 1-3. Can also play Weak but long with 6-10 HCP	6
1 suit	3 of a higher suit	6-10	7+	preempt, e.g.1-3. Double jump needed.
1 suit	4 of any suit	6-10	8+	preempt, e.g.1-4. Double jump to 4 needs 8+
overcalling with more than one suit on offer
1 suit	Double	12-15	~4441	looking for any of the 3 unbid suits
suit A	cue bid suit A	8-15	5 (x2)	a two suit overcall, looking for 2 Majors if A=minor
suit B	2NT	8-15	5 (x2)	a two suit overcall, looking for 2 minors if B=Major
strong overcalls
1 suit	1 NT	16-18	balanced	good stop in bid suit
1 suit	Double then suit	16+	6 (5)	18 needed with only 5-cards
1 suit	Double then NT	19+	balanced	rebid NT at lowest level
overcalling preemptive openings
weak 2	3	12	6/good5	weak two defence
weak 3	3	12	6/good5	need long strong suit
weak 2 or 3	Double	12	~4441	weak in opener's suit, cover in the others
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123. Negative doubles
Partner opens	RHO's bid	Bid	Suits implied	Cards	HCP min
1	1	X		4+	6
1	1	X		4=	6
1	1	X	&	4=	6
1	1	X	&	4=	6
1	2	X		4+	6
1	2	X		4+	8+
1	2	X	&	4=	8+
any	1NT	X	different		6/8+
with 5 cards and sufficient HCP, bid the suit.
1	1	1		5	6
1	1	2		5	9
when showing a minor, bid the suit directly if you've got 12+ HCP
1	2	3		4	12+
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150. Jacoby 2NT
Player	Bid	Meaning
Opener:	1 of a major	12-19 HCP, 4-card Major, probably 5
Responder:	2NT	4 card support in your suit to game. I have no singletons or voids in a side suit, please tell me if you do, or tell me more about your strength.
Opener's rebid	a. 3 new suit	a. I have a void or singleton here
	b. bid 4 of new lower suit	b. strong second suit (2+ honours, 4-5 card)
	c. rebid 3 of the major	c. I'm strong, (14+) with extra strength and length
	d. 3NT	d. I'm strong, (14+) with extra strength, but no extra length
	e. rebid major at 4	e. OK, I'm weak (12-13), let's end here at major game
related stuff	Splinters 11, After 1-Suit very strong,	Use splinter bid, not Jacoby 2NT, if responder does have a short side suit. Jump shift if v. strong & 6-card suit
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152. Weak 2 rebids, after 2NT responder enquiry (16+ HCP)
bid	Points in hand	Trumps	Points in trumps
3	6-7 HCP	OK	4-5 HCP (or QJ10)
3	6-7 HCP	better	6-7 HCP
3	9-10 HCP	OK	4-5 HCP (or QJ10)
3	9-10 HCP	better	6-8 HCP
3NT	9-10	best	AKQ
With 8 HCP in hand, use judgement
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168. Cue bidding for controls
West		East
1	12-19 opening hand, 6 or 7 losers	2 NT	Jacoby 2NT: 7-loser 4-card Major support to game with Slam interest, no shortages
4	Strong (16-19, 6-losers), 4-card 2nd suit in (3 if 16-19 but no 2nd suit)	4	1st round control of
4	1st round control of	4NT	1st round control of trumps (). (Beware! This is unusual, and only be partner agreement. 4NT normally means "OK, Blackwood" - tell me how many Key cards you've got).
5	1st round control of	5	No 2nd round control of . Sign off in trumps (). Sign off unless you have something good - I'm worried about missing Ks in
6	No 2nd round control of 2nd round control of	6	Sign off in small Slam. We have a 50% chance. No point going any further with 2 Kings likely to be missing (we have 28-31 HCP)

170. 2-suited overcalls (8-15 HCP, 2 good suits)
Openers bid	Overcallers bid (8-15 HCP)	meaning	responder bid	responder clarifying bid
The simple and obvious case
	2NT	2 minors	best minor
	2 of same suit	2 Majors	best major
Mixed majors and minors
	2 of same suit	other Major, + a minor	Major, or 2NT	2NT = "clarify which minor"
	2NT	other minor, + a Major	minor or	= "clarify which Major"
Responder (always bidding his preference, if no intervention) assumes minimum from overcaller: jumps if fit is good, bids enemy suit to force game, or 3NT if strong and stopped in the other 2 suits. Responder seeks clarity as above if interested in the 2 unspecified suits.
Overcaller passes if not forced, or bids higher if top end.
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1000. Opening lead (a) No Trump contracts. Play your longest suit, or partner's if yours is rubbish (unless opponents have bid it)
Method	with..	lead..
Top of sequence	KQJ84	K	When you have 3 honours, lead the top of sequence. This is the best NT defence. In suits, 2 touching honours is enough,
	AQJ7	Q	Top of internal sequence. Q promises J and one more honour (not K). Note: leading away from A allowed here!!
	QJT5	Q
4th highest	QJ853	5	With only one or two honours, play the 4th highest, allowing partner to use the rule of 11
2nd highest	97532	7	With no honours, lead a high intermediate card
(b) Suit contracts. Play your partner's suit, unless you have a good reason not to
Partner's suit	2 touching honours +(xxx), or xx(x)	highest	e.g. KQ(xxx) ,
	single honour, or non-touching honours	lowest	e.g. KJx
	Ace or singelton	no	Dont play it..partner will lead back to you later
Trumps	Axx, Kxx, xxx, xx, Ax	lowest	Play trumps if (1) they need to ruff, (2) as low risk lead, (3) if you both bid another suit. (Provided you dont have only 1 or Qxx).
Your suit	AKx(xx).	highest	"I've got the A, promising K, hoping you've got Qxx(x), or xx, so you can win or ruff the 3rd round. Play your higher x to encourage".
	KQx(xx)	highest
	QJx(xx)	highest	"Maybe partner you have the 10, or better still K/A, so we can at least win the 3rd round. Tell me."
	J10x(xx)	highest
	other long combinations	as NT
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Quiz: Barrier-Reversing

Quiz: Deal # Thursday

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